White papers

Here you can find an assortment of white papers covering various themes in the areas of measuement, testing control and automation.

Measuring resonance frequencies and avoiding operational damage

Technical structures, such as buildings, machines or plants, can be excited and set into resonant vibration by natural phenomena (wind, waves, earthquakes), traffic or the operation of a motor. These vibrations affect the material or the statics of a structure and can cause damage. To avoid this, the resonance frequency of the structure, machine or plant must be determined. This is where the imc WAVE Structural Analyzer comes into play, with which resonance frequencies can be measured and various spectra calculated.

Sound power measurement with imc WAVE Spectrum Analyzer

Sound power measurement is a central component in mechanical engineering. This is because the product noise level, which is defined by existing DIN ISO standards on noise emission, is becoming increasingly important as a product characteristic. This whitepaper describes how to adapt the evaluation functions of the imc WAVE Spectral Analyzer in a few steps using a FAMOS sequence for sound power analysis according to the standard.

Fiber-optictemperaturemeasurement

Sensors with fiber Bragg grating technology (FBG) make testing in high-voltage environments safer and easier. The optical operating method, the measuring point and the instrument are fully decoupled. Due to immunity to electrostatic and electromagnetic interference (EMI/ESD) this produces clean measurement results.

Telemetric measurement technology as an integrated solution

Some of the physical or electrical quantities in modern measurement technology can sometimes only be measured under difficult conditions. Telemetric measurement technology overcomes the limitations of classically wired sensors. However, the seamless integration of the telemetry solution into the measurement equipment is key.

Mechanical power measurements on drive systems

CAEMAX Technology GmbH has developed a new sensor system for making wireless power measurements on mobile equipment. The system synchronously records the speed and the torque acting on the shaft and calculates the power. Because of its modular design, it can be easily integrated into existing systems.

From the sensor to data to added value

For many product designers and developers, the topic of Industry 4.0 has long been part of their reality that they have to deal with in daily life. But what does “data of the cyber-physical systems” really mean and when do they actually provide an added value?

Multi-bus logger as IoT gateway in networked mobile applications

Test, measurement and condition monitoring on the Internet: an overview of the various requirements for autonomous data acquisition systems for monitoring machinery and vehicles and available flexible solutions.

Measuring currents with extreme dynamics using auto-ranging technology

Anyone who measures currents that are determined by power management, sleep modes and the transitions between modes of operation is faced with extreme dynamics that take conventional measurement technology to its limits. Auto-ranging offers new possibilities, but also new challenges.

Use of removable storage media

imc measurement systems offer stand-alone operation and can store measurement data directly in the device. Frequently, the removable storage media comes in the form of flash cards. They are considered to be robust and easy to handle. However, some simple precautions must be noted when using this type of storage when conducting measurements.

Estimating parameters of DC motors

DC-motors are used in a wide variety of applications touching our daily lives, where they serve to relieve us of much work. However, the large number of DC-motors used is attended by a large amount of time and resources devoted to inspecting them at the end of their production cycle. This white paper covers these topics.

Sigma-delta convertor for measurement technology

Recently, we have often heard of sigma-delta (ΣΔ) - converters being used in various test and measurement applications. In fact, in many imc Meßsysteme systems and devices (imc CRONOScompact, imc CANSAS, ...) these converters come as standard hardware. How does such a converter function, why is its importance increasing so rapidly and what are the benefits for the engineers and technicians? The purpose of this white paper is to address and provide answers and explanations to these questions.

Using a universal measurement module for condition monitoring

Universal measuring modules provide fast and individual adjustments for various measurement applications. The capability to monitor limits in real time, including the settings for individual measurement amplifiers, triggers and memory options is indispensable. In addition, intelligent measurement connectors also allow mathematical and statistical analysis of measurement data in real time. As a result, in addition to simple data collection (data logger operations), complex monitoring of conditions and analysis functions is possible.

Measuring temperature with Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD) (e.g., Pt100) and thermocouples

In the area of physical measurement technology, temperature is the most frequently measured variable. Especially in the field of process technology, the temperature measurements are the "metrological backbone". In imc measurement devices, in the area of so-called "Mixed Signal Applications", there is hardly a measuring device available that comes without temperature-measuring capability. In this white paper, temperature measurement techniques will be illustrated of the two most common temperature sensors: the Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) (Pt100) and the thermocouple.

The incremental encoder – (part 1)

The use of incremental encoders has become indispensable in virtually all areas of industry. Its uses can be found for making simple dis-placement measurements on assembly lines, tool and die factories, robots, etc. This white paper is part 1 of a 2-part series covering the topic of incremental encoders.

The incremental encoder – (part 2)

Incremental encoders are used in virtually all areas of industry when it comes to the measurement of displacement , angles, velocities, RPM, etc. The measurement of derived quantities comes from the measurement of time. In the previous White Paper (part 1), the basic operation principals & fundamental signal evaluation possibilities were covered when it comes to single-track incremental encoders. In part 2 of this series, further evaluation possibilities are discussed.

Determining the uncertainty of measurement results with multiple measurement quantities

To determine the uncertainty in the results of a single-channel measurement, one must consider the contributions from both the sensor’s uncertainty and the uncertainty of the measurement channel. Results from multiple measurement channels face even greater complications. This White Paper explains the theoretical background for, as well as the practical steps taken to handle these multi-channel measurement uncertainties.

Synchronized vs. Sequential sampling methods for measurement systems – effects on the system structure

How does one select the right measurement system structure for a given measurement task? Should channels be sampled simultaneously, in synchronization, or is it sufficient for the channels to be sampled sequentially using an analog multiplexer? Anyone making multi-channel measurements is confronted with this issue. This white paper covers these exact questions.

↑